When raising a young puppy—especially under six months old—there are three key areas every new dog parent should focus on: potty training, crate training, and socialization. While potty and crate training help with everyday routines and safety, socialization is what shapes your puppy into a confident, happy adult dog.

Socialization isn’t just about meeting people or other dogs. It’s about introducing your puppy to all the sights, sounds, and experiences they’ll encounter in daily life and making those encounters positive. A well-socialized puppy is less likely to develop fears, anxiety, or reactive behaviors later in life.

Introduce your puppy to new surfaces, environments, and objects gradually. Examples include grass, wood, concrete, gravel, sidewalks, buses, storm drains, and cars. Each week, add new experiences so your puppy grows comfortable with a variety of situations.

Let your puppy meet one person at a time, ideally someone calm who allows the puppy to approach at their own pace. Avoid overwhelming your puppy with crowds, loud voices, or rapid movements. Positive interactions are key—always reward calm and curious behavior.

Begin with calm, vaccinated dogs, such as friends’ or family’s pets. Observe body language and ensure play stays friendly. Dog parks are generally not recommended for puppies under six months, as a single negative interaction can undo weeks of positive experiences.

Puppies have limited attention spans and can become stressed if experiences last too long. Short, frequent, positive encounters help your puppy build trust, confidence, and curiosity without fear.

Puppies who are properly socialized grow up to be adaptable, confident dogs. They are less likely to develop fear-based behaviors and are more comfortable meeting new people, other dogs, and navigating the world around them. By investing time in socialization during these early months, you’re setting your puppy up for a lifetime of success.